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There are three major types of muscle found in the human body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Each type of muscle has unique cellular components, physiology, specific functions, and pathology. Skeletal muscle is attached to the bones of the skeletal system and allows movement. Cardiac muscle is located in the walls of the heart, and smooth muscle is present throughout the gastrointestinal, reproductive, urinary, vascular, and respiratory systems.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of muscle types | 3 |
| Muscle types | Skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| Skeletal muscle composition | Individual fibres bundled together into a muscle spindle |
| Skeletal muscle appearance | Striated |
| Skeletal muscle fibres | Attached to skeleton |
| Skeletal muscle control | Voluntary |
| Cardiac muscle cells | Located in the walls of the heart |
| Cardiac muscle appearance | Striated |
| Cardiac muscle control | Involuntary |
| Smooth muscle fibres | Located in walls of hollow visceral organs |
| Smooth muscle appearance | Spindle-shaped |
| Smooth muscle control | Involuntary |
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Skeletal muscle
There are three major muscle types found in the human body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is an organ that primarily controls movement and posture. It constitutes approximately 40% of the total human body weight. Its composition is many individual fibres bundled together into a muscle spindle, giving it a striated appearance.
There are two major classifications of skeletal muscle: Type I (slow oxidative) and Type II (fast-twitch). The vast diversity in the makeup of skeletal muscle leads to variations in the speed and length of contractions in different muscle groups, depending on their specific function.
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Cardiac muscle
There are three major muscle types found in the human body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Each muscle type has unique cellular components, physiology, specific functions, and pathology.
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Smooth muscle
There are three major muscle types found in the human body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Smooth muscle is present throughout the gastrointestinal, reproductive, urinary, vascular, and respiratory systems. It is under involuntary control and is found in the walls of blood vessels and of structures such as the urinary bladder, the intestines, and the stomach.
There are two major classifications of skeletal muscle: Type I (slow oxidative) and Type II (fast-twitch). The vast diversity in the makeup of skeletal muscle leads to variations in the speed and length of contractions in different muscle groups, depending on their specific function.
The human body contains more than 600 muscles, which account for about 40% of a person's weight. Most skeletal muscles have names that describe some feature of the muscle, such as size or shape.
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Visceral muscle
There are three major muscle types found in the human body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Each muscle type has unique cellular components, physiology, specific functions, and pathology.
Smooth muscle is composed of many individual fibers bundled together, giving it a striated appearance. A single muscle fiber is composed mostly of actin and myosin fibers covered by a cell membrane (sarcolemma).
Skeletal muscle, on the other hand, is an organ that primarily controls movement and posture. It constitutes approximately 40% of the total human body weight and is made up of individual fibers bundled together into a muscle spindle, also giving it a striated appearance.
Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, encompasses the heart, which keeps the human body alive. It is an involuntary, striated muscle that encloses the chambers of the heart.
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Striated muscle
There are three major muscle types found in the human body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Each muscle type has unique cellular components, physiology, specific functions, and pathology. Skeletal muscle, also known as striated muscle, is an organ that primarily controls movement and posture. It constitutes approximately 40% of the total human body weight and is made up of many individual fibres bundled together into a muscle spindle, giving it a striated appearance.
Skeletal muscles are attached to the bones of the skeletal system and are constructed of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons, and nerves. There are more than 600 muscles in the body, and most have names that describe some feature of the muscle. For example, the term 'deltoid' is used to describe a muscle that is triangular in shape.
There are two major classifications of skeletal muscle: Type I (slow oxidative) and Type II (fast-twitch). The vast diversity in the makeup of skeletal muscle leads to variations in speed and length of contractions in different muscle groups, depending on their specific function.
Cardiac muscle, also known as myocardium, is an involuntary, striated muscle that encloses the chambers of the heart. It is comprised of individual cardiomyocytes, which are similar in structure to skeletal muscle. Each cardiomyocyte contains cytoskeletal and contractile elements, all of which are connected through intercalated discs. These allow the cardiac muscle cells to receive rapid electrical transmission and contract as a single unit.
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Frequently asked questions
There are three major types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac and smooth.
Skeletal muscle is the specialised tissue that is attached to bones and allows movement. It is also known as voluntary muscle as it is under our conscious control.
Cardiac muscle is found in the walls of the heart and is under involuntary control. It is also known as myocardium.
Smooth muscle is located in various internal structures including the digestive tract, uterus and blood vessels such as arteries. It is also under involuntary control.
Type I (slow oxidative) and Type II (fast-twitch).
