
Strong pelvic floor muscles are essential for bladder, bowel, and uterus control, as well as sexual function. However, life events such as pregnancy, childbirth, and being overweight can weaken these muscles. Fortunately, there are many exercises and techniques to strengthen the pelvic floor, including Kegel exercises, squats, lunges, and yoga poses like Child's Pose and Cat-Cow. These exercises can be done at home and aim to improve muscle tone and prevent the need for corrective surgery. Additionally, pelvic floor therapy and biofeedback therapy are effective methods to increase pelvic muscle strength for those who need further assistance.
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What You'll Learn

Kegel exercises
To perform Kegel exercises, you must find the right muscles to work out. You can do Kegel exercises anywhere, but you may wish to start in a seated position with your feet flat on the floor and support for your back. You may also try performing a Kegel exercise lying down on your back or lying on your side. Squeeze your pelvic floor muscles for about five seconds. Try counting aloud to prevent yourself from holding your breath. Once you finish, relax for five seconds. Do this 10 times per session, and try to do three sessions per day. You shouldn't feel pain while doing Kegels. If you experience pain, you may be performing the exercises incorrectly, and you should talk to a healthcare provider.
If you're confused about whether you're doing Kegels correctly, don't be afraid to contact a healthcare provider for help. When correctly performing a Kegel, you shouldn't notice any movement of your body other than your pelvic floor muscles. For example, if you're in a sitting position, you shouldn't notice your butt cheeks squeezing or inner thighs moving together.
There are also other exercises that can help strengthen your pelvic floor muscles. For example, the bridge is a great exercise for your glutes, but it can also help strengthen your pelvic floor muscles. For this workout, lie on the floor with your back flat against the ground and your knees bent at a 90-degree angle. Your feet should be flat on the floor with your arms at your sides, palms facing down. Pushing through your heels, raise your hips off the ground by squeezing your glutes, pelvic floor, and hamstrings. Pause for a few seconds and return to the first position.
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Marches, heel slides, and squats
Marches
Also known as toe taps, marches increase the stability of your core muscles. To perform this exercise, lie down on your back with your knees bent and your feet flat on the surface. Take a breath and fill your lungs with air. Slowly lift one foot off the floor as if marching, keeping your pelvis stable. Lower and alternate with the opposite leg. Repeat for 10-15 marches per leg at a steady, controlled pace. Keep your lower back gently pressed into the floor to avoid strain.
Heel Slides
Heel slides help improve the stability of your core and pelvic floor by engaging the lower abdominal muscles. To perform this exercise, lie on your back with your knees bent and feet flat on the floor. Contract your abdominal and pelvic floor muscles. Slide one heel out along the floor until your leg is straightened, ensuring a smooth movement. Bring your leg back with the same sliding motion. Repeat for 10-12 slides per leg.
Squats
Squats are a functional movement that not only strengthen your lower body but also activate your pelvic floor muscles when performed correctly. To perform this exercise, stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Bend your knees and lower your hips as if you're about to sit down in a chair. Hold the squat position as you focus on squeezing your thigh and hip muscles. Continue exhaling and push through your feet to straighten your knees and return to standing. Aim for 10-15 squats, focusing on form and control.
These exercises can help improve your pelvic floor muscle strength and overall core stability. Remember to focus on engaging the correct muscles and maintaining proper form throughout the exercises.
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Happy Baby Pose
Pelvic floor muscles are just like any other muscle group in your body—they require routine exercise to stay strong and function properly. Childbirth, age, obesity, and even chronic coughing can cause pelvic muscles to weaken, which can lead to issues such as incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, or painful intercourse.
One way to strengthen your pelvic floor muscles is by practicing the Happy Baby Pose. This pose is a simple, gentle, and calming yoga posture that can be easily practiced by beginners. It is believed to offer several health benefits, including improving flexibility, reducing stress and anxiety, and easing muscle tightness in the hips and pelvic floor.
- Lie flat on your back on a yoga mat with your head flat on the mat.
- Bend your knees towards your chest at a 90-degree angle, ensuring your tailbone remains on the ground.
- Reach forward and grab the inside or outside of your feet, spreading your knees apart and shifting them towards your armpits.
- Remain in this position for several breaths, inhaling and exhaling slowly and deeply.
- As an optional step, you can gently rock from side to side while flexing your heels into your hands.
It is important to note that the Happy Baby Pose is not recommended for individuals with neck or knee injuries or for pregnant women. If you are experiencing any joint or muscle pain, consider consulting a healthcare professional or exploring therapeutic exercises designed for your specific condition.
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Diaphragmatic breathing
When you inhale, the diaphragm contracts and descends, creating a pressure gradient that enables the lungs to fill with air. This pressure increase in the abdomen causes the pelvic floor muscles to contract more strongly to maintain continence. As you exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its original position, while the pelvic floor shortens and moves back to its resting position.
To practice diaphragmatic breathing, start by lying on your back with your knees bent, or sitting upright in a chair. Place one hand on your chest and the other on your stomach. As you inhale slowly through your nose, focus on expanding your belly and lower ribs while keeping your chest still. You should feel the hand on your belly rise while the other remains stationary. Then, exhale slowly through your nose or mouth, allowing the air to escape gently without forcing it out. Notice your belly lowering back down to its original position.
This exercise can be practiced for 5-10 minutes, several times a day. It is a simple yet powerful tool that can help manage pelvic pain, reduce stress and anxiety, lower heart rate and blood pressure, and improve core stability. By coordinating your breathing with your pelvic floor muscles, you can enhance their function and flexibility.
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Using a vaginal cone
Vaginal cones are a simple and inexpensive method of providing biofeedback to help women train their pelvic floor muscles. They are inserted into the vagina, and the pelvic floor is contracted to hold them in place. The weight of the cone provides resistance, causing the superior surface of the perineal muscle to contract along with other pelvic floor muscles as the user tries to retain the cone.
To use a vaginal cone, start by inserting the cone into your vagina. You can then try to tighten your pelvic floor muscles to hold the device in place. Holding the cone for 15-20 minutes may result in decreased blood supply, decreased oxygen consumption, muscle fatigue, and pain, so it is recommended to start with a few minutes per day and gradually increase the amount of time it is inserted. You can also try contracting your muscles around the cone and simultaneously try to pull it out while lying down or standing, repeating this 8-12 times in three series per day.
Vaginal cones can be particularly useful for postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation, helping to improve pelvic floor muscle strength and reduce pain. They have also been associated with improvements in sexual function, including arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction.
It is important to note that some people feel that increasing the number of repetitions and the frequency of exercises will speed up progress. However, over-exercising can cause muscle fatigue and increase urine leakage. If you feel any discomfort in your abdomen or back while using a vaginal cone, stop the exercise and consider consulting a physical therapist specializing in pelvic floor muscle training.
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Frequently asked questions
Some simple exercises to strengthen pelvic muscles include:
- Pelvic floor exercises, also known as Kegel exercises
- Yoga poses such as child's pose, cat-cow, malasana, reclined bound angle, legs up the wall, and bridge
- Squats
- Lunges
- Wall squats
- Jumping jacks
- Bird dog
To do Kegel exercises correctly, sit or lie down comfortably with your knees and feet spread apart, lean forward, and rest your elbows on your knees. Relax your stomach, leg, and buttock muscles, and try to tighten the muscles around your vagina and anus, as if you're trying to stop yourself from passing gas or urinating midstream. Hold this position for a few seconds, then release. Aim for three sets of 8-12 contractions daily.
If your symptoms are interfering with your daily activities or seem to be getting worse, it's a good idea to consult a doctor or healthcare professional. You may also want to seek help from a pelvic floor physical therapist if you're new to pelvic floor exercises or want extra help. They can recommend specific exercises and ensure you're performing them correctly.




















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