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Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña), sometimes spelled Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region. It is the fourth most spoken language in Ethiopia and the most widely spoken language in Eritrea. Tigrinya is closely related to Amharic and Tigre, another East African Semitic language. The word for muscle in Tigrinya is Chewada.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Muscle in Tigrinya | Sambu'e |
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Muscle in Tigrinya
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña), sometimes spelled Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions. Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea and the fourth most spoken language in Ethiopia.
Tigrinya has a fairly typical set of phonemes for an Ethiopian Semitic language. That is, there is a set of ejective consonants and the usual seven-vowel system. Tigrinya has preserved the two pharyngeal consonants that were apparently part of the ancient Ge'ez language. This makes it easy to distinguish spoken Tigrinya from related languages such as Amharic, though not from Tigre, which has also maintained the pharyngeal consonant.
In Tigrinya, the word for muscle is "chewada".
Tigrinya is closely related to Amharic and Tigre (in Eritrea commonly called Tigrayit), another East African Semitic language spoken by the Tigre as well as many Beja of Eritrea and Sudan. Tigrinya and Tigre, though more closely related to each other linguistically than either is to Amharic, are however not mutually intelligible. Tigrinya has traditionally been written using the same Ge'ez alphabet (fidel) as Amharic and Tigre.
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Tigrinya vocabulary
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña), sometimes spelled Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions. Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea and the fourth most spoken language in Ethiopia. It is also spoken in countries including Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Denmark, Germany, Uganda, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.
Tigrinya has a typical set of phonemes for an Ethiopian Semitic language, including a set of ejective consonants and a seven-vowel system. It has preserved the two pharyngeal consonants that were part of the ancient Ge'ez language, which makes it easy to distinguish spoken Tigrinya from related languages such as Amharic.
Gemination, the doubling of a consonantal sound, is meaningful in Tigrinya, affecting the meaning of words. All consonants, except the pharyngeal and glottal ones, can be geminated.
Tigrinya has several dialects that differ phonetically, lexically, and grammatically. No dialect appears to be accepted as a standard, although the most widely used is the Asmara dialect.
- Beard — Chehmee
- Bald — Berah
- Cheek — Me'ugurtee
- Chin — Menkes
- Eye — Ayne
- Ear — Eznee
- Forehead — Gnbar
- Gray Hair — Shebet
- Hair — Tseguree
- Head — R'esi
- Jaw — Mengaga
- Lip — Kenfer
- Moustache — Chihmee La'aleway Kenfer
- Mouth — Af
- Nose — Afincha
- Tooth — Senee
- Tongue — Melhas
- Temple — Metih
- Abdomen — Kebdee
- Ankle — Ankar Ankarito
- Arm — Keltsem
- Armpit — Tushtush
- Back — Hooko
- Big toe — Abay abaito
- Bladder — Fihigna
- Blood — Dem
- Bone — Atsmee
- Bowel — Me'anta
- Brain — Hangol
- Breast — Toob
- Butt — Me'akor
- Chest — Aflebee
- Finger — Atsabi'e
- Foot — Egree
- Hand — Eed
- Heart — Libee
- Hip — Mehkooltee
- Heel — Kurukure
- Intestine — Me'anta
- Kidney — Kooleet
- Knee — Birkee
- Leg — Agree
- Liver — Tselam kebdee
- Lung — Sambu'e
- Muscle — Chewada
- Navel — Himbirtee
- Neck — Kisad
- Nipple — Chaf toob
- Penis — Metlo
- Shoulder — Menkoob
- Skin — Korbet
- Stomach — Ke
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Tigrinya language
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña), sometimes spelled Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions.
Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea, and the fourth most spoken language in Ethiopia after Amharic, Oromo, and Somali. It is also spoken by large immigrant communities around the world, in countries including Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Denmark, Germany, Uganda, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.
Tigrinya is a Semitic language that belongs to the Ethiopian Semitic subgroup of the Afroasiatic family. It is closely related to Ge'ez, the ancient language of Ethiopia, and to the Tigré language. Tigrinya has its own alphabet of 32 letters adopted from Ge'ez, a language that exists within the Coptic Orthodox and Catholic Churches. Tigrinya is written from left to right, and its script is simple and straightforward, as the phonetic symbols closely resemble their pronunciation.
Grammatically, Tigrinya is a typical Ethiopian Semitic language. A Tigrinya noun is treated as either masculine or feminine, although most inanimate nouns do not have a fixed gender. Tigrinya nouns have plural, as well as singular, forms, although the plural is not obligatory when the context makes the number clear. As in Tigre and Ge'ez, noun plurals may be formed through internal changes ("broken" plural) or through the addition of suffixes. For example, ፈረስ färäs 'horse', ኣፍራሰ ʼafras 'horses'. Adjectives behave similarly to nouns. Most Tigrinya adjectives, like those in Tigre and Ge'ez, have feminine and plural forms. For example, ጽቡቕ ṣǝbbuq̱ 'good (m.sg.)', ጽብቕቲ ṣǝbbǝq̱ti 'good (f.sg.)', ጽቡቓት ṣǝbbuq̱at 'good (m./f.
Gemination, the doubling of a consonantal sound, is meaningful in Tigrinya as it affects the meaning of words. While gemination plays an important role in the morphology of the Tigrinya verb, it is usually accompanied by other marks. There are a few pairs of words that are only differentiable from each other by gemination, such as /kʼɐrrɐbɐ/, ('he brought forth'); /kʼɐrɐbɐ/, ('he came closer'). All consonants, except the pharyngeal and glottal ones, can be geminated. The velar consonants /k/ and /kʼ/ are pronounced differently when they appear immediately after a vowel and are not geminated. In these cases, /k/ is pronounced as a velar fricative, while /kʼ/ is pronounced as a fricative or affricate.
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Tigrinya alphabet
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña), sometimes spelled Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions. In Ethiopia, a Tigrayan, a native of Tigray who speaks the Tigrinya language, is referred to in Tigrinya as təgraway (male), təgrawäyti (female), tägaru (plural).
Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea and the fourth most spoken language in Ethiopia after Amharic, Oromo, and Somali. It is also spoken by large immigrant communities around the world, in countries including Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Denmark, Germany, Uganda, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.
Tigrinya has traditionally been written using the same Ge'ez alphabet (fidel) as Amharic and Tigre. Although it differs markedly from the Ge'ez (Classical Ethiopic) language, there is a strong influence of Ge'ez on Tigrinya literature, especially with terms relating to Christian life and Biblical names. The earliest written example of Tigrinya is a text of local laws found in the district of Logosarda, Debub Region in Southern Eritrea, which dates from the 13th century.
Tigrinya dialects differ phonetically, lexically, and grammatically. No dialect appears to be accepted as a standard. However, the most spread and used in books, movies, and news is the Asmara dialect. Tigrinya has a typical set of phonemes for an Ethiopian Semitic language, including a set of ejective consonants and the usual seven-vowel system. Gemination, the doubling of a consonantal sound, is meaningful in Tigrinya, affecting the meaning of words.
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Tigrinya pronunciation
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña), sometimes spelled Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions. Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea and the fourth most spoken language in Ethiopia.
Tigrinya dialects differ phonetically, lexically, and grammatically. No dialect appears to be accepted as a standard, although the most spread and used in books, movies, and news is the Asmara dialect. Tigrinya has a typical set of phonemes for an Ethiopian Semitic language, including a set of ejective consonants and a seven-vowel system.
Tigrinya has preserved the two pharyngeal consonants that were part of the ancient Ge'ez language. This feature, along with [x'], voiceless velar ejective fricative or voiceless uvular ejective fricative, makes it easy to distinguish spoken Tigrinya from related languages such as Amharic.
Gemination, the doubling of a consonantal sound, is meaningful in Tigrinya as it affects the meaning of words. All consonants, except the pharyngeal and glottal ones, can be geminated. The velar consonants /k/ and /k'/ are pronounced differently when they appear immediately after a vowel and are not geminated. In these circumstances, /k/ is pronounced as a velar fricative, while /k'/ is pronounced as a fricative or sometimes as an affricate.
The word for "muscle" in Tigrinya is "Chewada".
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Frequently asked questions
Muscle in Tigrinya is "Chewada".
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ, Təgrəñña) is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region.
Here are some examples of body parts in Tigrinya:
- Eye — Ayne
- Ear — Eznee
- Mouth — Af
- Nose — Afincha
- Tongue — Melhas
