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The brachialis is a muscle of the upper arm that is responsible for flexing the elbow. It is located in the anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm, beneath the biceps brachii. The brachialis is the prime mover of elbow flexion, generating about 50% more power than the biceps. It is also known as the workhorse of the elbow. The muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve and occasionally the radial nerve. The brachialis lies within the deep front arm line myofascial meridian.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Location | Anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm, deep to the biceps brachii |
| Shape | Fusiform |
| Function | Elbow flexion, allowing the forearm to move closer to the body |
| Nerve Supply | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) and, in 70-80% of people, the radial nerve (C7) |
| Blood Supply | Brachial artery, radial recurrent artery, and occasionally, ulnar collateral arteries |
| Meridian | Part of the 12th meridian in the forearm |
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What You'll Learn
The brachialis is a muscle in the upper arm
The brachialis is located in the anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm, deep to the biceps brachii. It is a broad muscle, with its broadest part located in the middle rather than at either of its extremities. The muscle fibres of the brachialis converge to form a thick tendon, which is inserted into the tuberosity of the ulna. The tendon also attaches to a rough depression on the anterior surface of the coronoid process of the ulna, passing between two slips of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle.
The brachialis is supplied with blood by the brachial artery and the radial recurrent artery. Occasionally, the ulnar collateral arteries may also provide blood to this muscle. The brachialis is innervated medially by the musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) and laterally by the radial nerve (C7). In 70-80% of people, the muscle has double innervation with the radial nerve.
The name "brachialis" comes from classical Latin, meaning "of or belonging to the arm". It is derived from the Latin "bracchium", or "arm".
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It is a major flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint
The brachialis is a major flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint. It is the only pure flexor of the elbow joint, producing the majority of force during elbow flexion. Unlike the biceps, the brachialis does not insert on the radius and does not participate in pronation and supination of the forearm. The brachialis is also not affected by pronation or supination of the forearm due to its lack of attachment to the radius.
The brachialis muscle is located in the anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm, deep to the biceps brachii. It is a broad muscle, with its broadest part located in the middle. The muscle is sometimes divided into two parts and may fuse with the fibres of the biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, or pronator teres muscles. The origin of the brachialis muscle is from the front of the lower half of the shaft of the humerus bone. The muscle fibres of the brachialis converge to form the brachialis tendon, which connects the muscle to the humerus at one end and the ulna at the other.
The brachialis is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) and, in 70-80% of people, the radial nerve (C7). The muscle is supplied with blood by the brachial artery and the radial recurrent artery, with occasional contributions from the ulnar collateral arteries. The brachialis is located deep to the biceps brachii, but its lateral margin is superficial, lying between the biceps brachii and the triceps brachii.
The brachialis is an important muscle for the movement of the elbow joint, allowing for flexion of the forearm at various angles. It is sometimes referred to as the 'workhorse of the elbow' due to its role as a strong and constant flexor of the elbow joint.
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The brachialis is located beneath the biceps brachii
The brachialis is a muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow. It is located beneath the biceps brachii and makes up part of the floor of the region known as the cubital fossa (elbow pit). The brachialis is the prime mover of elbow flexion, generating about 50% more power than the biceps. It is the only pure flexor of the elbow joint, producing the majority of force during elbow flexion.
The brachialis is a broad muscle, with its broadest part located in the middle rather than at the ends. It is sometimes divided into two parts and may fuse with the fibres of the biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, or pronator teres muscles. The muscle fibres of the brachialis converge to form a thick tendon, which is inserted into the tuberosity of the ulna. The tendon of the brachialis forms part of the floor of the cubital fossa.
The brachialis originates from the anterior surface of the distal half of the humerus, near the insertion of the deltoid muscle. It is also attached to the intermuscular septa of the arm on either side, with a more extensive attachment to the medial intermuscular septum. The humerus and the capsule of the elbow joint lie posterior to the muscle. Medially, the brachialis is separated from the triceps brachii and the ulnar nerve by the medial intermuscular septum and pronator teres.
The brachialis is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which runs on its superficial surface, between it and the biceps brachii. However, in 70-80% of people, the muscle has double innervation with the radial nerve. The brachialis is supplied by muscular branches of the brachial artery and by the recurrent radial artery.
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It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
The brachialis muscle is a muscle in the upper arm that is responsible for flexing the elbow. It is located beneath the biceps brachii and forms part of the floor of the cubital fossa (elbow pit). The brachialis is the prime mover of elbow flexion, generating about 50% more power than the biceps.
The brachialis muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which is a major peripheral nerve of the upper limb. This nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, derived from cervical spinal nerves C5-C7. It emerges at the inferior border of the pectoralis minor muscle and pierces the coracobrachialis muscle near its point of insertion on the humerus. The musculocutaneous nerve then passes down the flexor compartment of the upper arm, superficial to the brachialis but deep to the biceps brachii muscle. As it descends, it innervates both of these muscles and gives articular branches to the humerus and the elbow.
The musculocutaneous nerve is well-protected within the axilla, and injury is relatively uncommon. However, injury to this nerve can result in pain, tingling, and reduced sensation over the lateral side of the forearm. This can be caused by repeated microtrauma, indirect trauma, or direct trauma to the nerve. Overuse of the brachialis muscle can also cause stretching or compression of the musculocutaneous nerve.
In addition to the musculocutaneous nerve, a small lateral portion of the brachialis muscle is also innervated by the radial nerve (C7). This double innervation is present in 70-80% of people, with the divide between the two innervations occurring at the insertion of the deltoid.
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The muscle is supplied by the brachial artery
The brachialis is a muscle in the upper arm that is responsible for elbow flexion, or the movement that allows the forearm to move closer to the body. It is a major flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint, producing the majority of force during elbow flexion. The brachialis is the only pure flexor of the elbow joint. It is not affected by pronation or supination of the forearm and does not participate in pronation and supination.
The brachialis muscle is supplied by the brachial artery, which is the major blood vessel of the upper arm. The brachial artery is a continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of the teres major muscle. It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow, where it divides into the radial and ulnar arteries that run down the forearm. The brachial artery is closely related to the median nerve, which is immediately lateral to it for most of its course.
The brachial artery is a superficial vessel, covered only by the layers of the skin and the superficial and deep fasciae. However, at the cubital fossa, the bicipital aponeurosis covers the artery and separates it from the median cubital vein. The median nerve crosses the brachial artery near the distal attachment of the coracobrachialis, and the brachialis muscle is located beneath the biceps brachii muscle.
The brachialis muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which runs on its superficial surface, and in 70-80% of people, it is also innervated by the radial nerve. The brachialis receives blood supply from the brachial artery and the radial recurrent artery, with occasional contributions from the ulnar collateral arteries.
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Frequently asked questions
The brachialis is a muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow. It is located beneath the biceps brachii and is sometimes referred to as the 'workhorse of the elbow'.
The brachialis muscle is located in the anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm, deep to the biceps brachii. It is situated at the inferior portion of the humerus bone, which runs from the shoulder to the elbow.
The main function of the brachialis muscle is elbow flexion, allowing the forearm to move closer to the body. It is the prime mover of elbow flexion and generates about 50% more power than the biceps.
