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The deltoid is a superficial muscle located over the glenohumeral joint and is one of the six intrinsic muscles of the shoulder. The deltoid has three functionally and anatomically distinct parts. The acromial part, also known as the middle or central, is the largest and the strongest. The deltoid overlies a number of other muscular structures, including the rotator cuff muscles, the pectoralis major and the tendon of pectoralis minor.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of muscles | 1 |
| Number of anatomical segments | 7 |
| Number of functionally and anatomically distinct parts | 3 |
| Number of tendons at the insertion site | 3 |
| Number of intramuscular septa | 4 |
| Number of intrinsic shoulder muscles | 6 |
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What You'll Learn
The deltoid is a superficial muscle of the shoulder
The deltoid is a multipennate muscle, which arises as four intramuscular septa. These interdigitate with the three tendons at the insertion site (one each for the anterior, posterior and middle parts). The four septa are connected by short, strong muscle fibres. The deltoid overlies a number of other muscular structures, including the rotator cuff muscles, the pectoralis major and the tendon of pectoralis minor, as well as tendons of coracobrachialis, both heads of biceps brachii and long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii muscle.
The deltoid is a skeletal muscle, which means it is a voluntary muscle. Tendons attach the deltoid to bones. The muscle helps you move your arms in different directions and also protects and stabilises your shoulder joint.
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There are three functionally and anatomically distinct parts
The deltoid is a superficial muscle located over the glenohumeral joint in the shoulder. It is one of the six intrinsic muscles of the shoulder. The deltoid has three functionally and anatomically distinct parts. The acromial part, also known as the middle or central, is the largest and the strongest. It is a multipennate muscle that arises as four intramuscular septa, which interdigitate with the three tendons at the insertion site (one each for the anterior, posterior and middle parts). The four septa are connected by short, strong muscle fibres. The clavicular (anterior) and scapular spinal (posterior) parts are both unipennate and converge directly onto the inserting tendon.
The deltoid overlies a number of other muscular structures, including the rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis), the pectoralis major and the tendon of pectoralis minor, as well as tendons of coracobrachialis, both heads of biceps brachii and long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii muscle. The deltoid muscle has seven anatomical segments, which represent the functional units of this muscle.
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The acromial part is the largest and strongest
The deltoid is a superficial muscle located over the glenohumeral joint and is one of the six intrinsic muscles of the shoulder. The deltoid has three functionally and anatomically distinct parts. The acromial part, sometimes also known as the middle or central, is the largest and strongest. It is a multipennate muscle that arises as four intramuscular septa, which interdigitate with the three tendons at the insertion site (one each for the anterior, posterior and middle parts). The four septa are connected by short, strong muscle fibres. The acromial part of the deltoid is responsible for the abduction of the arm, which means it helps to lift the arm away from the body. It also assists in the flexion and extension of the arm, allowing for a wide range of motion. The deltoid muscle as a whole helps to protect and stabilise the shoulder joint and enables the arm to move in different directions.
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The deltoid overlies a number of other muscular structures
The deltoid is a superficial muscle located over the glenohumeral joint and is one of the six intrinsic muscles of the shoulder. It has three functionally and anatomically distinct parts: the acromial part, the clavicular part and the scapular spinal part. The deltoid overlies a number of other muscular structures, including the rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis), the pectoralis major and the tendon of pectoralis minor, as well as tendons of coracobrachialis, both heads of biceps brachii and long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii muscle.
The deltoid is a multipennate muscle, with four intramuscular septa that interdigitate with the three tendons at the insertion site. The four septa are connected by short, strong muscle fibres. The deltoid is a superficial muscle of the shoulder, so it lies deep only to its overlying fascia, the platysma muscle and skin.
The deltoid has seven anatomical segments, which seem to represent the functional units of this muscle. The three origins of the deltoid are easily remembered with a simple mnemonic. The muscle fibres then run inferiorly towards the humeral shaft and converge to a narrow strong tendon. It inserts into the deltoid tuberosity located approximately halfway down the lateral aspect of the shaft of the humerus.
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The deltoid helps you move your arms in different directions
The deltoid is a superficial muscle located over the glenohumeral joint in the shoulder. It is one of six intrinsic muscles of the shoulder. The deltoid has three functionally and anatomically distinct parts. The acromial part, sometimes also known as the middle or central, is the largest and the strongest. It is a multipennate muscle. The clavicular (anterior) and scapular spinal (posterior) parts are both unipennate and converge directly onto the inserting tendon.
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Frequently asked questions
There is one deltoid muscle, but it has three functionally and anatomically distinct parts.
The three parts are the acromial (middle or central), clavicular (anterior) and scapular spinal (posterior).
The acromial part, also known as the middle or central part, is the largest and strongest part of the deltoid.
The deltoid has seven anatomical segments.
The deltoid is a superficial muscle located overlying the glenohumeral joint. It is one of the six intrinsic muscles of the shoulder.
