
Muscle testing, also known as applied kinesiology (AK) or manual muscle testing (MMT), is a form of alternative medicine that claims to diagnose structural, muscular, chemical, and mental ailments. It is based on the concept that any internal issues are accompanied by related muscle weakness. The basic principle of muscle testing is that when there is stress or abnormal nervous system input to a muscle, it weakens. During a muscle test, a practitioner applies force to a muscle or group of muscles, and the muscle is labelled weak or strong based on its ability to resist this force. While AK has been rejected by the medical community as a diagnostic tool for conditions beyond musculoskeletal disorders, it is still used by holistic practitioners to evaluate the body's imbalances and assess its needs.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Other Names | Applied kinesiology (AK), manual muscle testing (MMT), kinesiology-style muscle testing |
| Type of Test | Alternative medicine practice, holistic practice |
| Purpose | To diagnose structural, muscular, chemical, and mental ailments, or to evaluate the body's imbalances and assess its needs |
| History | Developed by George Goodheart, Jr. in 1964 as a system of muscle testing and therapy; a different use for muscle testing was later developed by chiropractor George Goodheart in 1949; the bi-digital o-ring test was developed in 1980 by Yoshikai O'Mura |
| Accuracy | A 2023 study found that AK provided accurate results when used to measure sacroiliac dysfunction, but a 2001 study found that it was no more helpful in diagnosing allergies than random guessing; a 1998 survey by the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners found that 43% of chiropractic offices in the US used AK |
| Test Format | The patient makes a statement or holds a thought, and senses the response of their body; the patient's muscles are then labelled "weak" or "strong" based on their ability to resist the force applied by the practitioner |
| Examples of Techniques | PSYCH-K, total body modification (TBM), BodyTalk, neuro emotional technique (NET), emotional release technique |
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What You'll Learn

Muscle testing as a diagnostic tool
Muscle testing, also known as applied kinesiology (AK) or manual muscle testing (MMT), is a diagnostic tool used by holistic practitioners to evaluate the body's imbalances and assess its needs. It is considered a form of alternative medicine that claims to effectively diagnose structural, muscular, chemical, and mental ailments. AK is based on the concept that for every action in nature, there is an equal and opposite reaction, as stated by Sir Isaac Newton's Laws of Motion. This concept is applied to the human body, suggesting that internal issues are accompanied by related muscle weakness.
There are various techniques for muscle testing, including the sway test, the bi-digital o-ring test, and the kinesiology-style muscle test. The sway test, which can be performed standing or sitting, involves sensing the body's response to different statements or thoughts. If the body is pulled forward, it indicates a "yes" response, while being repelled back signals a "no" response. The bi-digital o-ring test, developed by Yoshikai O'Mura, involves making an "o" shape with the thumb and another finger and testing the grip strength. If the person is weak, they won't be able to keep the "o" shape intact, while a strong response will maintain the shape.
Kinesiology-style muscle testing is a broader category that includes techniques like PSYCH-K, total body modification (TBM), BodyTalk, and neuro-emotional techniques. In these tests, a practitioner applies force to a single muscle or group of muscles and labels them as "weak" or "strong" based on their ability to resist. This type of testing is used to determine the state of organs, evaluate nutritional status, detect imbalances in meridians and chakras, identify mental or emotional stress, and assess chemical sensitivities.
While muscle testing has grown in popularity over the years, it is important to note that it has also faced criticism. A study in 2001 found that muscle testing was no more effective in diagnosing allergies than random guessing. Additionally, the medical community has largely rejected the use of AK as a diagnostic tool for conditions outside of musculoskeletal disorders. Despite this, some practitioners continue to use muscle testing as a non-invasive assessment tool, and further studies are recommended to explore its potential benefits.
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The sway test
To prepare for the sway test, it is important to ensure that you are well-hydrated, as dehydration can compromise your energy system and the effectiveness of the test. Stand comfortably with your feet shoulder-width apart in a quiet and distraction-free environment. Closing your eyes can also help you focus. To establish a baseline, think of something positive or beneficial, such as love or a happy memory, and notice if your body sways forward. Then, think of something negative or harmful, such as hate or the word "no," and observe if your body sways backward.
During the testing phase, hold the substance or food item that you want to test and bring it to your solar plexus (just below where the ribs meet in the middle). Alternatively, you can simply think about the item or situation you want to test. Be open to whatever information your whole-body system conveys and try to eliminate any personal biases. A forward sway typically indicates a "yes," suggesting that the substance or situation is beneficial to you, while a backward sway usually indicates a "no," signifying that it may be detrimental or harmful.
With practice, you can even use the sway test to determine dosages. For example, you can ask, "The most beneficial quantity of this supplement for my health is 1 tablespoon or more." If you get a "yes," you can continue narrowing down the dosage by asking about smaller increments until you reach a "no." At that point, you will know that the previous "yes" indicated your optimal dosage.
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Accuracy checks
Muscle testing, or applied kinesiology, is a simple, non-invasive assessment tool used by health practitioners to evaluate a patient's health. It is used to gauge general health status, specific supplement dosage, and almost everything in between.
The basic idea behind muscle testing is that any internal issues are accompanied by related muscle weakness. The body turns muscles on and off, allowing us to move, speak, digest food, circulate blood, and breathe oxygen. This is the language of the central nervous system (CNS). Muscle testing is able to pick up on disturbances in all the different body systems. For example, a weak muscle might be caused by trauma to the muscle, an infection in the intestine, or estrogen dominance and low progesterone.
Muscle testing was first used in the early 20th century to measure muscle weakness in polio victims. It was later adapted by chiropractor George J. Goodheart Jr., who founded applied kinesiology, now often used in sports medicine. Goodheart was interested in how well the nervous system controlled muscle function.
While muscle testing is a simple and safe procedure, it is generally accepted that most practitioner-applied assessment tools are rarely 100% accurate or entirely bias-free. However, given its simplicity, good safety record, and reasonable accuracy rate, muscle testing may be a reasonable addition to medical evaluation.
Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the accuracy of muscle testing. One study found that experienced practitioners (five or more years of experience) more accurately predicted muscle strength compared to inexperienced practitioners (less than five years of experience), with accuracies of 98% and 64% respectively. Another study found that muscle testing was able to accurately predict food allergies, low back pain, and simple phobias. However, the same study found that muscle testing was not able to predict nutritional needs, nutritional intolerance, or thyroid dysfunction.
In addition, two randomised-order blinded studies were conducted to estimate the accuracy of muscle response testing (MRT) in distinguishing false from true spoken statements. The studies found that MRT was more accurate than practitioners' intuition alone in detecting lies. However, the overall accuracy of MRT in detecting lies was still relatively low, with a mean accuracy of around 60-65%.
It is important to note that the medical community has mostly rejected the idea of applied kinesiology as a diagnostic tool for conditions outside of musculoskeletal disorders. As such, it is not advised to rely solely on muscle testing when making important healthcare decisions.
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Kinesiology-style muscle testing
During a manual muscle test in AK, the patient uses the target muscle or muscle group to resist while the practitioner applies a force. The muscle is then labelled "weak" or "strong" based on its ability to resist this force. A smooth response is sometimes referred to as a "strong muscle," while a response that is not appropriate is called a "weak response." The interpretation of "strong" and "weak" test results can vary depending on the specific technique and application.
To perform kinesiology-style muscle testing on yourself, you can try the Sway Test or Standing Test. Here are the steps:
- Stand or sit up straight with your feet pointing directly forward and your body relaxed, with your hands down at your sides.
- Tap your thymus gland, located under your breastbone, to ensure your energy is running in a forward direction for accurate results.
- Perform an accuracy check by making a true statement or holding a thought you know to be true, such as stating your name. Sense your body's response; you should feel a gentle pull forward, indicating a "yes" or "true" response.
- Now, state something untrue, such as a different name. If your body repels or pulls back, it signals a "no" or "false" response.
- You can now ask specific questions to gain insights into your emotions or physical sensations. For example, you might ask, "Am I feeling agitated because of a work situation?"
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Allergies and sensitivities
Muscle testing, also known as Applied Kinesiology (AK), is a diagnostic tool used to evaluate the body's reaction to various substances. It was introduced by chiropractor Dr. George Goodheart in the 1960s to assess the functional health of the body, particularly the musculoskeletal system. Over time, practitioners began using AK for other purposes, including allergy and sensitivity diagnosis.
In manual muscle testing, a practitioner applies pressure to a muscle while the patient holds a potential allergen. If the muscle weakens under pressure, it suggests that the patient may be allergic to the substance. However, it's important to note that muscle testing for allergies has not been validated by rigorous scientific studies and should not replace conventional allergy tests.
When muscle testing for allergies or sensitivities, the practitioner should avoid declaring that a patient is "allergic" to a substance solely based on muscle weakness. Instead, it is more accurate to refer to a substance as a potential sensitivity or trigger for the patient. Maintaining a neutral mindset during the test is crucial, as the patient's and practitioner's opinions or expectations can influence the outcome.
Muscle testing can be used to check for food allergies and sensitivities, household item allergies, environmental allergies, and to determine the effectiveness of supplements. It is a non-invasive and cost-effective method that can provide insights into the body's response to various substances. However, it should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic methods to ensure a comprehensive evaluation.
While muscle testing can offer valuable information, it is essential to approach it with an open mind and consult a trusted practitioner. The effectiveness of muscle testing depends on the skill and experience of the practitioner, and incorrect or inconsistent application can lead to false responses. Therefore, muscle testing should be one tool in a range of diagnostic methods used by qualified healthcare professionals.
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Frequently asked questions
Muscle testing, or kinesiology, is a simple, non-invasive assessment tool used by many different kinds of health practitioners during examination or evaluation… It is also known as applied kinesiology (AK) or manual muscle testing (MMT). It is an alternative medicine practice that claims to effectively diagnose structural, muscular, chemical, and mental ailments.
The basic principle of kinesiology-style muscle testing is that when there is some stress or abnormal nervous system input to a muscle, it “weakens”. During a muscle test, a practitioner applies a force to one muscle or group of muscles, with a particular intent in mind. The muscle is then labelled “weak” or “strong” based on its ability to resist this force.
The sway test is the easiest one to learn at home. Stand or sit up straight with your feet pointing directly forward. Relax your body with your hands down at your sides. To make sure your energy is running in a forward direction, tap your thymus gland, which is under your breastbone. Now you are ready to perform an accuracy check. To make sure you are getting an accurate response, first, make a statement or hold a thought in your head you know to be true. Then state something that is not true. Sense the response of your body for each — you should either feel yourself being gently pulled forward for a “yes” response, or repelled back signaling it’s not true or your body is not in resonance with that, which would be a “no” response.































