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The word striated means marked with long, thin lines, strips, or grooves, often in reference to colour. Striated muscle tissue, for example, is marked by transverse dark and light bands, including skeletal and cardiac muscle. In nature, you might find striated canyon walls, marble canyons, cliffs, and mountains, as well as falcons called striated caracaras. Man-made objects with striated patterns include buildings, shells, and wigs.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Definition | Marked with striations or striae; having long, thin lines, marks, or strips of colour |
| Objects | Canyon walls, clouds, canyon, cliffs, mountains, marble, concrete panels, jars, eggs, shells, light, garments, benches, limestone, rhyolite, plants, wigs, shells, caracaras, falcons, darter, crayfish |
| Muscle Tissue | Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and most muscle of arthropods |
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What You'll Learn
Striated definition
Striated is an adjective that describes something that is marked with stripes or striae. In other words, it describes something that has long, thin lines, marks, or strips of colour.
The word "striated" is often used in the context of geology and geography to describe the appearance of natural formations such as canyon walls, mountains, cliffs, and shells. For example, the Taroko Gorge is a striated marble canyon carved by the Liwu River, and the canyon walls are described as being "striated with colour".
In biology, the term "striated" is commonly used to describe muscle tissue that is marked by transverse dark and light bands, also known as striations or striae. These bands are made up of elongated, multinucleated fibres. Striated muscle tissues include skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and most muscle tissues of arthropods. The primary function of striated muscles is to generate force and contract to support respiration, locomotion, and posture.
In addition to its scientific usage, the word "striated" can also be used in a more general sense to describe any object or surface that exhibits a striped or lined pattern. For example, Escobedo's façade features a vertically striated shell of limestone, and certain types of wigs can be described as "striated" due to their pattern of lines or stripes.
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Striated muscle tissue
Striated means marked with long, thin lines, strips, or grooves. Striated muscle tissue is a type of muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres. Under a microscope, these sarcomeres are visible along muscle fibres, giving the tissue a striated appearance.
The two types of striated muscle tissue are skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is the tissue that most muscles attached to bones are made of. Cardiac muscle, on the other hand, is the muscle found in the walls of the heart. Both skeletal and cardiac muscles have a striated appearance due to their densely packed myofibrils. Skeletal muscle fibres are around 20-100 µm thick and up to 20 cm long, while cardiac muscle cells are about 10-20 µm thick and 50-100 µm long.
Skeletal muscle is wrapped in epimysium, which allows the muscle to maintain its structural integrity despite contractions. The perimysium organises the muscle fibres, which are encased in collagen and endomysium, into fascicles. Each skeletal muscle fibre contains sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, and sarcoplasmic reticulum. The sarcoplasm is composed almost entirely of myofibrils, along which runs the longitudinal (L-) system. The sarcolemma is surrounded by a basal lamina and invaginates into the sarcoplasm, forming transverse (T-) tubules. The bright bands are called isotropic (I-) bands, and the dark bands are called anisotropic (A-) bands, with the M-line running through the centre of the A-bands. The actin filaments are attached to the Z-line, which is found in the middle of the I-bands. The area between two Z-lines makes up a functional unit, the sarcomere.
Cardiac muscle cells have a single, centrally located nucleus, while skeletal muscle cells have many nuclei. The structure of the sarcomere in cardiac muscle cells is similar to that of skeletal muscle cells, but with larger and branched T-tubules and a smaller L-system. Cardiac muscle cells also have intercalated discs that connect the cardiac cells mechanically and electrically. The main function of striated muscle tissue is to create force and contract. Contractions in skeletal muscle enable breathing, movement, and posture maintenance, while contractions in cardiac muscle pump blood throughout the body.
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Striated cliffs and canyons
The word "striated" means "marked with long, thin lines, strips, or grooves". Striations can be found in nature, including on canyon walls and cliffs.
The Taroko Gorge, a striated marble canyon in the mountains, is another awe-inspiring example. Carved by the Liwu River, this canyon boasts towering walls marked with fine grooves or lines, creating a unique and captivating landscape.
The natural wonders of striated cliffs and canyons continue to captivate and inspire, inviting exploration and a deeper appreciation of the Earth's diverse and ever-changing geology.
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Striated in nature
For example, the Taroko Gorge, a marble canyon carved by the Liwu River, is described as striated due to the linear markings on its walls. Similarly, the Seven Devils, a set of brown striated cliffs, and the coffee-coloured mounds near the bottom provide a beautiful vista with their linear markings.
Striated patterns can also be observed in certain types of muscles known as striated muscles. These are present in bilaterian animals, such as vertebrates, insects, and annelids, and some non-bilaterian eumetazoans, including cnidarians and ctenophores. In these muscles, individual fibres can be seen running along their length, and they are composed of long strands of proteins called actin and myosin, which twist together to create a contraction force.
In addition to geological features and muscles, the term "striated" can also be used to describe various natural phenomena, such as clouds, plant surfaces, and eggshells, which exhibit fine grooves, lines, or markings. For instance, the lower clouds bearing rain can be composed partly of striated substances, and certain plants may have external surfaces that are described as "smooth, striated".
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Striated skin conditions
The word "striated" means "marked with striations or striae". In the context of skin conditions, two examples of striated skin conditions are:
Striae Distensae (SD) or Stretch Marks
Stretch marks are very common, asymptomatic, linear scars that develop in areas of dermal damage due to excessive skin stretching. They are frequently observed among females between 5 to 50 years of age and can cause cosmetic concern and psychological distress. While there have been advances in cosmetic management, there is currently no fully effective treatment for stretch marks.
Lichen Striatus
Lichen striatus is a skin condition characterised by a rash that appears as small pink, red, or flesh-coloured spots. These spots eventually join together to form a dull red, slightly scaly linear band on the skin, typically 2 mm to 2 cm in width. It usually occurs on the arms or legs but can also affect the neck, face, or trunk. While it typically resolves on its own within several months to a year, anti-inflammatory medications such as topical corticosteroids may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms like itching.
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Frequently asked questions
Striated means marked with striations or striae, or having long, thin lines, marks, or strips of colour.
Examples of things that are striated include canyon walls, clouds, marble, cliffs, mountains, and muscle tissue.
Striated muscle tissue is marked by transverse dark and light bands and is made up of elongated, multinucleated fibres. Striated muscles include skeletal and cardiac muscles in vertebrates and most muscles in arthropods.
The primary function of striated muscles is to generate force and contract to support respiration, locomotion, and posture (skeletal muscle) and to pump blood throughout the body (cardiac muscle).
